As people age, the risk for Type 2 diabetes increases. According to the American Diabetes Association, one in four people over the age of 60 have diabetes. Type 2 diabetes, also known as adult-onset diabetes, occurs when your body, specifically the pancreas, does not produce enough insulin to allow your body to convert glucose into energy. Without enough insulin, the glucose will remain in your blood and can contribute to kidney, nerve, eye and foot disorders. For many sufferers of Type 2 diabetes, the pancreas can actually produce too much insulin. The cells of the body are not equipped to deal with the onslaught of too much insulin and similar problems can manifest.
Geriatric diabetes, defined by persons over the age of 65 who have diabetes, affects approximately 26% of that population. Adults who are overweight or obese are at an increased risk of developing Type 2 diabetes, especially if there is a family history of the disease and the person lives a sedentary lifestyle. High blood pressure and low levels of HDL cholesterol (the good kind!) will also increase the risk for Type 2 diabetes. Diabetes also contributes to the hardening and narrowing of arteries (atherosclerosis), which can lead to heart disease and stroke. Symptoms to be aware of include increased urine output, wounds that heal slowly, fatigue, skin problems or tingling/numbness in the feet or toes. While diabetes is a chronic condition that cannot be cured, it can be managed with diet and exercise; medications may be necessary for some persons.
The blood glucose levels necessary to remain in a healthy state are different for everyone. That is why it is crucial for persons with Type 2 diabetes to eat a healthy diet that provides their body with the necessary nutrients. Being educated and informed about what foods work for their body will make a huge difference in keeping glucose and insulin levels regulated. Things to avoid are starchy vegetables and fatty meats, and consuming more fruit, whole grains and low-fat dairy products. Protein is important for optimal nutritional health, and for diabetes sufferers, choosing lean cuts of beef or pork, fish or chicken is a better choice. It can be hard to say no to a tempting dessert, so enjoying in moderation is the key, and understanding portion control will go a long way, too.
An active lifestyle is another important component in living with diabetes. Any kind of physical activity will help lower blood glucose levels. Additionally, being active is a great way to reduce stress and boost energy levels. For seniors who experience problems with their balance, exercise can improve their strength and reduce the risk of a fall. The risk
Due to other medical complications that affect the elderly population, diabetes can pose larger problems and complications. Infections and certain medications can lead to severely elevated blood sugar levels, which can worsen and lead to medical emergency situations that require immediate treatment. Appropriate levels of blood glucose are also vital for the cells of the brain to function properly. When blood glucose levels are out of balance, dizziness and confusion can occur, which is very dangerous for elderly patients who may already have a problem with their balance. Since many older persons take other medications for different conditions, finding the right diabetes medication (if a doctor determines it is needed) must be a careful consideration so all medications work together and do not have adverse effects.
Diabetes is the 7th leading cause of death in the United States, thus it is especially imperative that persons over the age of 65
